![Norman Theory Of The Origin Of The Ancient Russian State Norman Theory Of The Origin Of The Ancient Russian State](http://images.slideplayer.com/29/9473009/slides/slide_3.jpg)
Antinormanskaya theory of education of the ancient Russian state Norman theory was and remains one of the most controversial issues of the history of the ancient Russian state. Many well-known researchers (for example, Lomonosov and Solovyov) sharply condemned and called it barbarous in relation to the history of an independent country, and also to its formation. The position of this theory was that the Slavic nation was secondary and untenable in national issues.
The explanation of human action [microform]: a critical analysis of Davidson's theory of action. University Microfilms order no. D.)--University of Toronto, 1993.
However, since the second half of the twentieth century, this theory has lost the strength of its positions, and now it is not considered right at all. Antinormanskaya theory of the emergence of the ancient Russian state The main assertion of the antinorman theory is that the very term 'Rus' appears in the pre-Darwinian period. For example, in the 'Tale of Bygone Years' there are facts that contradict the prevailing in the history of the legend of the vocation of the three brothers to become the head of state.
The same historical source contains an indication from 852, which states that during the reign of Byzantium Michael already had an independent Russian land. In addition, in the Laurentian and Ipatiev Chronicles it is said that all the tribes of the North invited the Scandinavians to reign, and Russia was no exception. Antinorman theory first of all drew arguments from written sources. Soviet scholars of the Slavs Likhachev and Tikhomirov believed that writing about the call of Varangian princes to reign appeared in the annals a little later, in order to oppose the Byzantine Kievan Rus. And the scientist Shakhmatov came to the conclusion that the Varangian detachments began to be called Rus only after their transition to the south. In the Scandinavian written and oral sources, it was not indicated anywhere that they were followed by 'Rus', and the names of the first rulers of Russia (Oleg and Igor) are undoubtedly indigenous and exclusively Russian. While historically the real names of the time Scandinavian princes (Olaf, Eimund, Harald) did not meet with our princes at all.
This theory has for more than two hundred years been struggling with arguments (adherents of the reverse scheme of the development of the ancient Russian state), but in recent years their positions have become closer. However, this rapprochement is not a fact of establishing historical truth. Despite the rather large gap of the opposing sides, none of them could convincingly prove the true reliability of their own theory.
At the turn of the VIII-IX centuries. The Eastern Slavs have the prerequisites for the formation of the state: 1) the social division of labor; 2) the transition from the appropriating to the producing economy; The appearance of professional guards headed by princes. Thus, the emergence of the state in Russia is a historically natural phenomenon. Most historians associate the emergence of the Old Russian state with the unification of political centers in Novgorod and Kiev under a single leadership carried out by the prince in 882.